Important Topics in Surgery for NEET-PG by Dr. Pritesh Singh

Surgery is essentially an important aspect of Medical PG entrance owing to its high weightage in entrance exams. Owing to the vast syllabi of Surgery, it is impossible to remember everything during the exam. Therefore, a selective study is the best approach to prepare Surgery for Medical PG Entrance Exams With a view to make your preparations more effective, we approached the famous faculty of Surgery, Dr. Pritesh Singh to guide you with the important topics from the NEET-PG perspective. Dr.Singh has himself prepared the list of the important topics.

Important Topics of Surgery for NEET-PG

S. No.	Chapter	Topics
1	Breast	Nipple DischargeBreast Cancer Investigations in CA Breast Mammography BIRADS BRCA mutation DCIS & LCIS Types of Mastectomy Complications of Mastectomy Breast Reconstruction Breast Conservative Surgery Hormonal Therapy in Carcinoma Breast Luminal criteria Multigene test (Oncotype Dx, PAM-50, Mammaprint) Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma Breast Cancer during Pregnancy Mondor's Disease Duct Papilloma Duct ectasia Cystosarcoma Phyllodes Paget’s Disease of Nipple Breast Abscess Fibroadenoma
2	Thyroid	Papillary CarcinomaFollicular carcinoma Medullary Carcinoma Solitary Thyroid Nodule Thyrotoxicosis Grave's Disease Thyroidectomy Post-Thyroidectomy Complications Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis de Quervain's Thyroiditis Riedel's Thyroiditis Thyroglossal cyst
3	Parathyroid & adrenal	Multiple Endocrine NeoplasiaHyperparathyroidism Cushing’s Syndrome Adrenal Incidentaloma Pheochromocytoma Neuroblastoma
4	Liver	Pyogenic Liver AbscessAmoebic Liver Abscess Hydatid Disease Gharbi Classification of Hydatid Cyst PAIR Liver Hemangioma Focal Nodular Hyperplasia Hepatocellular Carcinoma Okuda Staging System for HCC Milan criteria Fibrolamellar HCC Liver Metastasis Hepatoblastoma Liver Transplantation Pringle Maneuver Liver Anatomy Caudate Lobe Courvoisier’s Law
5	Portal Hypertension	Etiology of Portal HypertensionVariceal Bleeding Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) Score MELD score PELD score Sengstaken and Blakemore tube TIPSS Surgical Shunts Peritoneovenous Shunt Non-Cirrhotic Portal Fibrosis Extra-Hepatic Portal Venous Obstruction (EHPVO) Budd-Chiari Syndrome Veno-occlusive Disease
6	Gall Bladder	Cholesterol Gall StonesBlack Stones Brown Stones HIDA Scan Gall Stones: Complications & Treatment Acute Cholecystitis Medical Therapy for Gall Stones Gallstone Ileus Mucocele Indications of Prophylactic cholecystectomy Acalculous Cholecystitis Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis Emphysematous Cholecystitis Mirizzi’s Syndrome Strawberry Gallbladder Gallbladder Polyp Adenomyomatosis Gallbladder Carcinoma Gallbladder: Anatomy & Physiology
7	Bile duct	Choledochal CystCholedocholithiasis Cholangitis ERCP MRCP PTC Bile Duct Injury Bismuth Classification of Bile Duct Strictures Strasberg Classification of Laparoscopic Biliary Injuries Biliary Atresia Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Primary Biliary Cirrhosis Cholangiocarcinoma Hemobilia
8	Pancreas	Causes of Acute PancreatitisDrugs Associated With Pancreatitis Acute Pancreatitis Ranson’s Prognostic Criteria APACHE-II scoring system BISAP score Pseudocyst Pancreatic Necrosis Chronic Pancreatitis Intraductal papillary Mucinous Neoplasm Mucinous Cystadenoma of Pancreas Serous Cystadenoma of Pancreas Carcinoma Pancreas Periampullary Carcinoma Whipple’s Procedure (Pancreaticoduodenectomy) Insulinoma Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome Glucagonoma VIPomas Pancreas Divisum Annular Pancreas
9	Esophagus	Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (Bochdalek Hernia or Posterolateral Hernia)Hiatus Hernia Fundoplication Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Achalasia Cardia Diffuse Esophageal Spasm Zenker’s Diverticulum Midesophageal or Traction Diverticula (AIIMS) Plummer Vinson Syndrome Barrett’s Esophagus Carcinoma Esophagus Types of esophagectomy Replacement Conduits after Esophagectomy Siewert classification Leiomyoma Dysphagia Lusoria Boerhaave's Syndrome Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula Schatzki's Rings Esophageal Sphincter
10	Stomach	Peptic UlcerModified Johnson’s Classification of Gastric Ulcer Complications of Peptic Ulcer Vagotomy Billroth Gastrectomy Benign & Malignant Ulcer Duodenal Ulcer Gastrectomy & Complications Dumping syndrome BLEED risk Classification Blatchford scale Rockall & Baylor Score The Forrest Classification Mallory Weiss Syndrome Dieulafoy’s Lesion Watermelon Stomach Ménétrier’s Disease Carcinoma Stomach Lauren Classification Treatment of Carcinoma Stomach Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Duodenal Atresia Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis Trichobezoar Stress gastritis (Stress ulcerations)
11	Peritoneum	Spontaneous Bacterial PeritonitisPneumoperitoneum Secondary Bacterial Peritonitis Enteric Fever Mesenteric Cyst Pseudomyxoma Peritonei Pelvic abscess
12	Intestinal obstruction	Small Bowel ObstructionIntussusception Meconium Ileus Mesenteric Ischemia Paralytic Ileus Large Bowel Obstruction Colonic Pseudo-obstruction Sigmoid volvulus Cecal volvulus Malrotation
13	Small intestine	Meckel's diverticulumGastrointestinal Tuberculosis Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome Short bowel syndrome Intestinal Atresia Carcinoid Tumors
14	Large intestine	Hirschsprung's DiseaseColonic Diverticula Colorectal Polyps Peutz-Jegher’s Syndrome Adenomatous Polyps FAP HNPCC Carcinoma colon Colonic Ischemia Pseudomembranous Colitis Lower Gastrointestinal Bleed
15	Ileostomy & colostomy	Complications of Ileostomy & colostomy
16	Inflammatory Bowel Disease	Pathological & radiological features of Crohn’s disease & Ulcerative colitisManagement of Crohn’s disease & Ulcerative colitis
17	Appendix	Acute AppendicitisAlvarado (MANTRELS) score Ochsner-Sherren Regime Appendiceal carcinoid Appendectomy incisions
18	Rectum & anal canal	Carcinoma RectumHemorrhoid Rectal Prolapse Ano-Rectal Abscess Fistula-in-Ano Goodsall’s rule Anal Fissure Pilonidal Sinus Carcinoma Anal Canal HPV Vaccines
19	Hernia	Risk Factors for HerniaInguinal Hernia Management of Inguinal Hernia Bassini repair Shouldice repair Lichtenstein repair Laparoscopic & Pre-Peritoneal Repairs Triangle of Doom Triangle of Pain Corona Mortis Strangulated Inguinal Hernia Femoral Hernia Spigelian Hernia Sliding Hernia Lumbar Hernia Obturator Hernia Omphalocele & Gastroschisis Epigastric hernia Littre’s Hernia Incisional Hernia Desmoid Tumour
20	Spleen	Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic PurpuraIndications for Splenectomy Complications of Splenectomy OPSI Splenic Tumors Splenic Cyst Accessory Spleen
21	Kidney & ureter	Renal Calculi: types, clinical features, diagnosis & treatmentUrine: Cast & crystals ESWL PCNL URS GU TB Pyelonephritis Perinephric abscess & pyonephrosis Hydronephrosis Angiomyolipoma RCC Wilm’s Tumor ADPKD Pelviureteric (PUJ) obstruction Retrocaval Ureter Horseshoe Kidney Ureterocele Duplication of Ureter Ectopic Ureteral Orifice Vesicoureteric Reflux (VUR) Patent Urachus
22	Urinary Bladder	Extrophy of Bladder (Ectopia Vesicae)Endemic Bladder Calculi Secondary Bladder Calculi X-ray of bladder stone Schistosomiasis (Bilharziasis) Carcinoma Urinary Bladder Intravesical chemotherapy Bladder Rupture
23	Prostate	Benign Prostatic HyperplasiaAbsolute indications for surgery in BPH Treatment of BPH TURP Prostatectomy Carcinoma Prostate Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Acute Bacterial Prostatitis Prostatic Calculi
24	Penis & urethra	HypospadiasEpispadias Posterior urethral valve Phimosis Paraphimosis Priapism Urinary tract Infection Urethral Injury Stricture Urethra RGU & MCU Carcinoma Penis
25	Testis & scrotum	Undescended TestisTesticular Torsion Varicocele Hydrocele Acute Epididymoorchitis Fournier’s Gangrene Predisposing factors for Testicular GCTs Testicular Tumors Tumour Markers of Testicular Tumors Seminoma
26	Arterial disorders	Peripheral Arterial OcclusionBuerger's Disease Lumbar Sympathectomy Critical Limb Ischemia Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) Arterial Ulcer Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF) Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Diabetic Foot Aortic Dissection Aortic Aneurysm Cut off diameter of aneurysm for surgery Pseudoaneurysm Subclavian Steal Syndrome Vascular Graft Takayasu's Arteritis Giant cell arteritis
27	Venous disorders	Hypercoagulable States & DVT Risk FactorsDVT Varicose Veins Subfascial Endoscopic Perforator Vein Surgery (SEPS) Tourniquet test Injection sclerotherapy Venous Ulcers Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome Kasabach-Meritt Syndrome Migratory Thrombophlebitis
28	Lymphatics	LymphedemaTreatment of Lymphoedema Filariasis
29	Thorax & Lung	Mediastinal tumorsLocations of the Common Mediastinal Masses Thymoma Bronchogenic Cyst Pleural Effusion Pneumothorax Tension Pneumothorax Hemothorax Indications of Thoracotomy Lung Abscess Pulmonary Hamartoma Bronchial Adenoma Bronchial Carcinoid Malignant Mesothelioma WHO Classification of Carcinoma Lung Bronchogenic Carcinoma Pulmonary Embolism Fat Embolism Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Pulmonary Tuberculosis Myxoma
30	Burns	Burn Size (% BSA)Causes of death in Burn patients Fever in Burn Patients Burns Depth & Classification of burn wound Parkland formula & Fluid Resuscitation
31	Plastic surgery	Skin Grafting: Split thickness & full thicknessFlaps Marjolin’s Ulcer Squamous Cell Carcinoma Basal Cell Carcinoma Malignant Melanoma Vascular Anomalies Sequence of repair in Hand Injuries Neuropathic foot / Trophic ulcers
32	Wounds, Tissue repair & scar	Factors that inhibit Wound HealingKeloid & Hypertrophic Scar
33	Cerebrovascular disease	Berry aneurysmCerebrovascular Stroke Duret Hemorrhage EDH & SDH Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Skull Base Fractures Brain Herniation Diffuse Axonal Injuries Glasgow Coma Scale Arnold-Chiari malformation Meningocele Myelomeningocele Hydrocephalus Kernohan’s Notch Phenomenon
34	CNS tumors	CNS Tumors: Predisposing FactorsAstrocytoma Ependymoma Oligodendroglioma (ODG) Medulloblastoma Meningioma Pituitary adenoma Craniopharyngioma Brain Metastasis Primary CNS Lymphoma Stereotactic Radiosurgery
35	Oral cavity	Carcinoma Oral Cavity: Predisposing FactorsLeukoplakia Erythroplakia Speckled erythroplakia Oral Submucous Fibrosis Carcinoma Lip Lip Reconstruction: Abbe-Estlander flap Carcinoma Tongue Commando’s operation Mandibulectomy Dental Cyst, Dentigerous Cyst & Ameloblastoma
36	Salivary glands	Pleomorphic AdenomaWarthin’s Tumor Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Sialolithiasis Complications of Parotidectomy Frey’s syndrome Ranula
37	Neck	Carotid Body TumorCystic Hygroma Branchial Cyst & Fistula Thyroglossal cyst Cervical Rib Neck Dissection
38	Facial abnormalities	Cleft Lip & PalateFractures of the mandible Zygomatic Bone Fracture Le Fort Fractures
39	Oncology	Tumor MarkersScreening in Malignancy Bone Metastasis Oncological Emergencies Tumor Lysis Syndrome Hypercalcemia of Malignancy Typhlitis (Neutropenic Enterocolitis) Superior Vena Cava  (SVC) Syndrome Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
40	Soft tissue sarcoma	RhabdomyosarcomaAngiosarcoma Liposarcoma Leiomyosarcoma Sarcomas with Lymph Node Metastasis Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans
41	Pediatric surgery	Sacrococcygeal Teratoma
42	Trauma	ATLS protocolABCDE Primary survey Secondary survey Triage Trauma Scoring System Blunt Trauma Abdomen Seat Belt Injury FAST DPL Trauma triad of death Damage Control Surgery Abdominal Compartment Syndrome Trauma: Liver, spleen, kidney, pancreas Penetrating Abdominal Injuries Neck Injuries Blast Injuries Flail chest Pericardial Tamponade Diaphragmatic Injury
43	Transplantation	Organ Preservation SolutionTypes of Graft Matching & Graft Rejection Maastricht classification Liver, kidney, pancreas Transplantation Heart & lung Transplantation Complications of Transplantation Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder (PTLD) Maximum and Optimal Cold Storage Times
44	Laparoscopy & Bariatric surgery	LaparoscopyVATS NOTES Bariatric Surgery
45	Sutures & anastomosis	Suture MaterialsCatgut Vicryl Prolene Ethilon Monocryl Anastomoses Mesh
46	Sterilization & infection	Techniques of SterilizationProphylactic Antibiotics SIRS & MODS Necrotizing Fasciitis Erysipelas & Cellulitis Gas Gangrene Chronic Burrowing ulcer Hospital Acquired Infection Causes of Post-operative Fever
47	Fluid, electrolyte & nutrition	Enteral NutritionTotal Parenteral Nutrition Refeeding Syndrome
48	Blood Transfusion	Complications of Blood TransfusionCharacteristics of Selected Blood Components Anticoagulants
49	Shock	Types of shockFour Classes of Hemorrhagic Shock

Important 8th AJCC TNM Classification

Carcinoma Breast Carcinoma Gallbladder Carcinoma Stomach Colorectal cancer Carcinoma Oral Cavity Carcinoma Cervix Carcinoma Endometrium Carcinoma Ovary

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